什么是Decoding？

Decoding is the process of translating print into speech by rapidly matching graphemes (a letter or sequence of letters ) to phonemes (sounds), syllables, and morphemes (meaningful parts of words). It is a tool that enables students to become proficient readers who recognize words effortlessly and rapidly. Because English is an alphabetic language, teaching students to decode words is a crucial element of an effective reading program. Automatic recognize of individual words leads to the fluent readings of strings of words, which in turn leads to full comprehension---the goal of reading instruction.

简单地说， decoding就是孩子看到书上印的字可以读出来， 并和自己头脑中已经储存的声音联系起来。 由于原先在头脑中是：声音----单词的意思 配对存起来的。这样听到声音就知道意思了。 也就是：

眼睛看到单词---》嘴巴读出声---》耳朵听到声音---》脑子里明白意思

这第一步， 眼睛看到单词----》嘴巴读出声， 是要通过phonics 的学习（也有孩子无师自通的）
这最后一步， 耳朵听到声音----》脑子里明白意思  是通过前期大量的听力训练， 大量的听力输入积累而来。在大脑里储存了大量 声音----图片， 声音----动作 等等 声音和语言意思之间的对应关系的配对。