to的用法归纳

一、表示相对，针对

be strange(common,new,familiar,peculiar,distinct,sensitive,immune,vulnerable,indispensable)to

Air is indispensable to life.

Aircrafts are vulnerable to interference caused by radiation.

This injection will make you immune to infection.

二、表示对比，比较

1）以-ior结尾的形容词，后接介词to表示比较，如：superior,inferior,prior,senior,junior

The quarrel happened prior to my arrival.

2）一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词，如equal，similar，equivalent，analogous

A is similar to B in many ways.

3）表示一些先后顺序的形容词，如：second,subsequent,next,preliminary,preparatory

Subsequent to the war,they returned to their hometown.

4）to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较,如:prefer to,compare to,in contrast to compare to sth.表示比喻或比拟,而compare with sth.表示比较,如:

World is usually compared to a stage

Compared with his past,he has changed a lot.

Prefer的正确句型是:prefer A to B或prefer doing A to doing B,但当prefer后接动词不定式时,表示比较的介词to就要改成rather than,如:

The undaunted soldier preferred death to surrender.

Many people prefer spending money to earning money.

They prefer to pursue careers rather than remain home as house wives.

5）to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,如:alternative

Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.

三、表示修饰关系

1）表示回复,反应意思的词,如:answer to question,

solution to problem,response to inquiry,reaction to proposal,reply to letter

2）表示建筑构件的词汇,如:entry,entrance,approach,access,passage,exit,vent,path

the approach to a bridge引桥

the approach to science

Half of the population was estimated to have no access to the health service.

The access to education 接受教育的机会

The access to medical care 享受公费医疗的权利

4）表示人物职位和官衔的词,如:assistant to manager,ambassador to Spain,successor to tradition,heir to throne,deputy to the National People's Congress

advisor to the Prime Minister

5）表示权利和许可的词汇,如:right,admission

The employee finally got the admission to the boardroom.

Everyone has an equal right to ……..

6）表示栅栏或障碍的词汇,如:bars to development,the barrier to progress

7）表示与书籍,文本相关的词,如:introduction to passage.

8）表示恭喜或是祝贺,如:

The director proposed a toast to the health of the guests.

Let's drink to Dick's success in business.

9）另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义.如:key to door,invitation to party,

guide to action,limitation to life,accessory to school

四、to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义,如:sing to piano,chance to the tune,stamp to the rhythm of the song,add salt to taste

1）表示相关联，相连接，如：be related to,be relative to,in relation to,be relevant to,link to

Investigate all the facts related to the problem.

People often linked walth to happiness.

2）表示反对和赞同。

（1）to引导的表示反对，抗拒，对抗意义的词组。Be opposed to,be oppsist to,be contrary to,be adverse to,be resistant to,be contradictory to,object to,oppose to,deny tp,be aline to

These buildings are resistant to earthquake.

They are to tally opposed to any changes being made in the plans.

（2）to引导的表示同意，赞同意义的词组：consent to,subseribe to,

The employer consented to give him a salary raise.表示调整，使符合，使适应的含义，如：adapt to,commodate to,adjust to,conform to,habituate to,fit to,suit to,correspond to,cater to

She tried to habituate herself to the style of plain living.

Your action should conform to the interests of the people.

They offered various foods to cater to the need of customers.

His words doesn't fit to his actions.

Suit your writing style to the masses.

（3）表示投降,屈服,服从的含义,如:be subject to,be subordinate to,submit to,subject to,surrender to,give in to,confess to,admit to.

The minority is subordinate to the majority少数服从多数

Countries nearby oceans are always subject to earthquake.

He confessed to having robbed the woman of her wallet.

We're not the kind of people to yield to any military threat.

五、表示趋势或倾向,如:tend to,be prone to,be inclined to,be apt to,be liable to

He's liable to seasickness.

You are liable to come to wrong conclusion.

六、表示对事情的坚持与执着,如:……

 

一、介词to的常见用法

1.动词+to

a)动词+to

adjust to适应,attend to处理；照料,agree to赞同,amount to加起来达…，belong to属于,come to达到,drink to为…干杯，get to到达,happen to发生在某人身上,hold to紧握,lead to通向,listen to听,occur to想起,object to反对,point to指向,respond to回答,refer to参考；指的是…；涉及,reply to回答,see to负责,stick to坚持,turn to求助,write to给某人写信。

b)动词(+sth.)+to+sb.

announce to通知某人,describe to向某人描述,explain to向某人解释,express to对某人表达,mention to提及,nod to向某人点头,report to报告,say to告知,shout to对某人大叫,suggest to对某人提建议,speak to与某人交谈,talk to跟某人谈话,whisper to和某人低声耳语。

c)动词+sth./sb.+to +sth./sb.

add to增加,compare to比作,carry to运送至,devote to致力于,introduce to介绍给,invite to邀请参加,join to连接到,leave to委托给,reduce to下降至,sentence to判处,take to带到。

2.be +形容词/过去分词+to

be alive to觉察；晓得,be attentive to注意；留心,be awake to知晓,be blind to缺乏眼光,be close to紧挨着,be common to对某人来说很普通,be contrary to违反；反对,be devoted to致力,be deaf to不愿意听,equal to有…的力量,be exposed to暴露；遭受,be fair to对…公平,be familiar to对某人来说熟悉,be grateful to对某人心存感激,be good to对…有好处,be harmful to对…有危害,be important to对…重要,be kind to友好对待,be known to周知于,be married to嫁给,be moved to转移到,be near to靠近,be necessary to对…有必要,be opposite to在对面,be opposed to反对,be pleasant to合某人之意,be proper to专属,be polite to礼貌待人,be rude to粗暴对待,be relative to与…有关,be strange to不习惯,be similar to类似,be suitable to适合,be true to忠实,be thankful to感激,be useful to对…有用,be used to习惯。

3.to+名词构成的词组

to a degree在某种程度上,to date到现在为止,to one’s feet跳起来，to one’s mind照…看来,to one’s surprise使…吃惊,to one’s taste符合胃口,to oneself独自享用,to order定做,to the letter不折不扣地,to the point中肯地