43 Multiple-Letter Phonograms
er Say: /er/ the /er/ of her (person)
ir Say: /er/ the /er/ of first (stir)
ur Say: /er/ the /er/ of nurse (hurt)
wor Say: /er/ the /er/ of works [Note: We don't pronounce the 'w'”
with the phonogram, although you would in the word. "Or" only
says /er/ when it comes right after the "bully w".] (worm)
ear Say: /er/ the /er of early (learn)
sh Say: /sh/ two-letter /sh/ (ship)
ee Say: /ee/ double-e always says /ee/ (seen)
th Say: /th/, /th/ (think, that)
ay Say: /ay/ two-letter /ay/ that we do use at the end of English
words (day)
ai Say: /ay/ two-letter /ay/ that we do NOT use at the end of English
words (gain)
ow Say: /ow/, /oh/ (cow, low)
ou Say: /ow/, /oh/, /oo/, /uh/ (mouse, soul, soup, touch)
oy Say: /oy/ two-letter /oy/ that we do use at the end of English words
(toy)
oi Say: /oy/ two-letter /oy/ that we do NOT use at the end of English
words (coin)
aw Say: /aw/ two-letter /aw/ that we do use at the end of English words
(saw)
au Say: /aw/ two-letter /aw/ that we do NOT use at the end of English
words (haul)
ew Say: /ew/, /you/ (grew, few)
ui Say: /oo/, /you/ (fruit, suit)
oo Say: /oo/, /uh/, oh/ (food, book, door)
ch Say: /ch/, /k/, /sh/ (child, school, chef)
ng Say: /ng/ (sing)
ea Say: /ee/, /eh/, /ay/ (eat, deaf, break)
ar Say: /ar/ [We say it like pirates.] (car)
ck Say: /k/ two-letter /k/ used after a single vowel sound (back)
ed Say: /ed/, /d/, /t/, past tense ending (traded, hopped, baked)
or Say: /or/ (for)
wh Say: /w/ with a feather (when)
oa Say: /oh/ the /oh/ of boat (goal)
ey Say: /ay/ the /ay/ of they, /ee/ the /ee/ of key – They will get the
key. (obey ,money)
ei Say: /ee/ the /ee/ of ceiling, /ay/ the /ay/ of veil, /ih/ the /ih/
of forfeit (either, reign, foreign)
ie Say: /ee/ the /ee/ of field, /I/ the /I/ of pie (brownie, tie)
igh Say: /I/ three-letter /I/ (high)
eigh Say: /ay/ four-letter /ay/ (neighbor)
kn Say: /n/ two-letter /n/ that we only use at the beginning of English
base words (know)
gn Say: /n/ two-letter /n/ that we use anywhere in English base words
(sign)
wr Say: /r/ two-letter /r/ (write)
ph Say: /f/ two-letter /f/ (phone)
dge Say: /j/ three-letter /j/ (edge)
oe Say: /oh/ the /oh/ of toe [We add Ms. Daoust is missing a toe.] (doe)
tch Say: /ch/ three-letter /ch/ (catch)
ti Say: /sh/ tall-letter /sh/ (motion)
si Say: /sh/, /zh/ (mansion, explosion)
ci Say: /sh/ short-letter /sh/ (social)
ough Say: /oh/, /oo/, /uff/, /off/ /aw/, /ow/ [We sing it as a conga.]
(though, through, rough, cough, bought, bough)