[方法探讨] 暑假让儿子开始整理科学G6，G7里的词汇

本帖最后由 charlenedavid 于 2013-7-25 17:56 编辑

7.19
Producer
Noun
A photosynthetic green plant or chemosynthetic bacterium, constituting the first trophic level in a food chain; an autotrophic organism.

Consumer
Noun
A heterotrophic organism that ingests other organisms or organic matter in a food chain.

Decomposers
Noun
An organism, often a bacterium or fungus, that feeds on and breaks down dead plant or animal matter, thus making organic nutrients available to the ecosystem.

Omnivore
Noun
An omnivorous person or animal.

Herbivore
Noun
An animal that feeds chiefly on plants.

Precipitation
The process of separating a substance from a solution as a solid.

Evaporation
To draw moisture from, as by heating, leaving only the dry solid portion.

Condensation
The process by which a gas or vapor changes to a liquid.

Respiration
The act or process of inhaling and exhaling; breathing.

Collection
The act or process of collecting.

Carbon
a nonmetallic element existing in the three crystalline forms: graphite, diamond, and buckminsterfullerene: occurring in carbon dioxide, coal, oil, and all organic compounds. The isotope carbon-12 has been adopted as the standard for atomic wt.; carbon-14, a radioisotope with a half-life of 5700 years, is used in radiocarbon dating and as a tracer. Symbol: C; atomic no.: 6; atomic wt.: 12.011; valency: 2, 3, or 4; relative density: 1.8-2.1 (amorphous), 1.9-2.3 (graphite), 3.15-3.53 (diamond); sublimes at 3367±25°C; boiling pt.: 4827°C.

Photosynthesis
The process in green plants and certain other organisms by which carbohydrates are synthesized from carbon dioxide and water using light as an energy source. Most forms of photosynthesis release oxygen as a byproduct.

Decomposition
Separation into constituents by chemical reaction.

Combustion
A chemical change, especially oxidation, accompanied by the production of heat and light.

Carbon dioxide
A colorless, odorless, incombustible gas, CO2, formed during respiration, combustion, and organic decomposition and used in food refrigeration, carbonated beverages, inert atmospheres, fire extinguishers, and aerosols. Also called carbonic acid gas.

Carbon sinks
areas of vegetation, especially forests, and the phytoplankton-rich seas that absorb the carbon dioxide produced by the burning of fossil fuels.


7.21
Succession
V
The act or process of following in order or sequence.

Adaptation
V
The act or process of adapting.

Debris
Noun
The scattered remains of something broken or destroyed; rubble or wreckage.

Emergent
Noun
Coming into view, existence, or notice
        
Diversity
V
The fact or quality of being diverse; difference.

Sediment
Noun
Material that settles to the bottom of a liquid

Spawning
Noun
The eggs of aquatic animals such as bivalve mollusks, fishes, and amphibians.

Agriculture
Noun
The science, art, and business of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock; farming.

Invasive
Noun
The science, art, and business of cultivating soil, producing crops, and raising livestock; farming.


7.22
Solid
Noun
Of definite shape and volume; not liquid or gaseous.

Frame
Noun
an open structure that gives shape and support to something, such as the transverse stiffening ribs of a ship\\\'s hull or an aircraft\'s fuselage or the skeletal beams and uprights of a building

Shell
Noun
A framework or exterior, as of a building.

Stability
Noun
The state or quality of being stable,


7.23.
Compression
noun
The act or process of compressing.

Tension
noun
The act or process of stretching something tight.

External force
Noun
A force exerted on a system or on some of its components by an agency outside the system.

Shear
Noun
Different parts of the structure press in opposite directions

Torsion
Noun
Twisting of an object in opposite directions.

Application
Noun

the process of determining the value of a function for a given argument

Insulating
Noun
material used to insulate a body, device, or region

Decomposability
Noun
to break down (organic matter) or (of organic matter) to be broken down physically and chemically by bacterial or fungal action; rot


7.24
Particle
Noun
A very small piece or part; a tiny portion or speck.

Densely
Noun
Crowded closely together; compact


Sublimation
Noun
The act or process of sublimating.


Condensation
Noun
The act of condensing.

Pure substances
material produced by or used in a reaction involving changes in atoms or molecules

Mixture
A composition of two or more substances that are not chemically combined with each other and are capable of being separated.

Mechanical mixture
a mixture whose components can be separated by mechanical means

Solution
A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances, which may be solids, liquids, gases, or a combination of these.
Aluminum
A silvery-white, ductile metallic element, the most abundant in the earth\\\'s crust but found only in combination, chiefly in bauxite. Having good conductive and thermal properties, it is used to form many hard, light, corrosion-resistant alloys. Atomic number 13; atomic weight 26.98; melting point 660.2°C; boiling point 2,467°C; specific gravity 2.69; valence 3.



7.25
Solute
Noun
Part of a solution that is dissolved in another substance.

Solvent
Noun
Part of a solution that dissolves another substance.

Acetic
Noun
Of, relating to, or containing acetic acid or vinegar.

Saturated
Noun
Unable to hold or contain more; full.

Unsaturated
Noun
Capable of dissolving more of a solute at a given temperature.

Concentration
Noun
he amount of dissolved substance in a given volume of solvent.

Dilute
Noun
having a low concentration or a concentration that has been reduced by admixture

Insoluble
Noun
That cannot be dissolved

Solubility
Noun
Can be dissolved.

Density
the quality or state of being dense

Distillation
a process of heating a liquid or solid until it sends off a vapor and then cooling the vapor until it becomes liquid

Filtration
the act or process of filtering

我们做什么事，都不会半途而废的。

本帖最后由 charlenedavid 于 2013-7-18 18:21 编辑

7.07
Lift  V
to move or bring (something) upward from the ground or other support to a higher position; hoist.

Thrust  V
To push or drive quickly and forcibly.

Drag  V
A force acting on a moving body, opposite in direction to the movement of the body, caused by the interaction of the body and the medium it moves through. The strength of drag usually depends on the velocity of the body.

Gravity  V
The fundamental force of attraction that all objects with mass have for each other.

7.08
Principle   Noun
A basic truth, law, or assumption.

Propelled  V
To cause to move forward or onward.

Towed   V
To draw or pull behind by a chain or line.

Fluid   Noun
A continuous, amorphous substance whose molecules move freely past one another and that has the tendency to assume the shape of its container; a liquid or gas.

7.09
Yuri Gagarin
Soviet cosmonaut who in 1961 was the first person to travel in space (1934-1968)
  
Apolla
A space craft.

Wright brothers
United States aviation pioneer Orville Wright who (with his brother Wilbur Wright) invented the airplane (1871-1948)

Montgolfier brothers
Jacques Etienne Montgolfier - French inventor who (with his brother Josef Michel Montgolfier) pioneered hot-air ballooning (1745-1799)

Otto Lilienthal
Otto Lilienthal (May 23, 1848 - August 10, 1896) was a German pioneer of human aviation who became known as the Glider King. He was the first person to make well-documented, repeated, successful gliding flights. He followed an experimental approach established earlier by Sir George Cayley. Newspapers and magazines published photographs of Lilienthal gliding, favorably influencing public and scientific opinion about the possibility of flying machines becoming practical

Static electricity
Noun
1. An accumulation of electric charge on an insulated body.
2. Electric discharge resulting from the accumulation of electric charge on an insulated body.

Current electricity
Noun
current electricity

Electrons
Noun
A stable subatomic particle in the lepton family having a rest mass of 9.1066 × 10-28 grams and a unit negative electric charge of approximately 1.602 × 10-19 coulombs.

Terminal
Noun
A position in a circuit or device at which a connection is normally established or broken.

7.10
Circuit
Noun
A closed path followed or capable of being followed by an electric current.

Schematic
Noun
A structural or procedural diagram, especially of an electrical or mechanical system.

Conductors
Noun
A substance or medium that conducts heat, light, sound, or especially an electric charge.


Insulators
Noun
A material that insulates, especially a nonconductor of sound, heat, or electricity.

Filament
Noun
A fine or thinly spun thread, fiber, or wire.

Appliance
Noun
A device or instrument designed to perform a specific function, especially an electrical device, such as a toaster, for household use.

7.11
Series
Noun
A number of objects or events arranged or coming one after the other in succession.

Parallel
Noun
a circuit or part of a circuit connected in parallel.

Substation
Noun
A subsidiary or branch station, as of a post office or an electric utility.

Hydroelectric
Noun
Generating electricity by conversion of the energy of running water.

Electric meters
Noun
a meter for measuring the amount of electric power used

Turbines
Noun
Any of various machines in which the kinetic energy of a moving fluid is converted to mechanical power by the impulse or reaction of the fluid with a series of buckets, paddles, or blades arrayed about the circumference of a wheel or cylinder.

kilowatt        
noun
A unit of power equal to 1,000 watts.


7.13
Motion
Noun
The act or process of changing position or place.

Linear
resembling a line; straight.

Rotational
The act or process of turning around a center or an axis

Reciprocating
to move or cause to move backwards and forwards

Oscillating
To swing back and forth with a steady, uninterrupted rhythm.

Kinetic energy
The energy possessed by a body because of its motion, equal to one half the mass of the body times the square of its speed.

Friction
Noun
The rubbing of one object or surface against another.

Ball bearing
Noun
A friction-reducing bearing consisting essentially of a ring-shaped track containing freely revolving hard metal balls against which a rotating shaft or other part turns.

Lubricant
Noun
A substance, such as grease or oil, that reduces friction when applied as a surface coating to moving parts.

7.14
Effort
Noun
The use of physical or mental energy to do something; exertion.

Load
Noun
A weight or mass that is supported

Fulcrum
Noun
The point or support on which a lever pivots.

Distribute
Noun
To divide and dispense in portions.

Solar system
Noun
The sun together with the eight planets and all other celestial bodies that orbit the sun.

Asteroid
Noun
Astronomy Any of numerous small celestial bodies that revolve around the sun, with orbits lying chiefly between Mars and Jupiter and characteristic diameters between a few and several hundred kilometers.

Dwarf planet
Noun
A celestial body that orbits the sun and is massive enough to assume a nearly spherical shape, but that does not clear other bodies from the neighborhood around its orbit and is not a satellite of a planet.

Asteroid belt
Noun
The region of the solar system between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where most of the asteroids are found.

Nucleus
Noun
A central or essential part around which other parts are gathered or grouped

Coma
Noun
The nebulous luminescent cloud containing the nucleus and constituting the major portion of the head of a comet.

Tail
Noun
The bottom, rear, or hindmost part

7.15
Crescent
Noun
The figure of the moon as it appears in its first or last quarter, with concave and convex edges terminating in points.

Gibbous
Noun
More than half but less than fully illuminated. Used of the moon or a planet.

Crater
Noun
A bowl-shaped depression at the mouth of a volcano or geyser.

Maria
Noun
a dark region of considerable extent on the surface of the moon

Constellations
Noun
An arbitrary formation of stars perceived as a figure or design, especially one of 88 recognized groups named after characters from classical mythology and various common animals and objects.

Ursa major
A constellation in the region of the north celestial pole near Draco and Leo, containing the seven stars that form the Big Dipper. Also called Great Bear.

Ursa minor
A constellation having the shape of a ladle with Polaris at the tip of its handle. Also called Little Bear.

Draco
A constellation in the polar region of the Northern Hemisphere near Cepheus and Ursa Major. Also called Dragon.

Cepheus
a faint constellation in the N hemisphere near Cassiopeia and the Pole Star

Cassiopeia
A W-shaped constellation in the Northern Hemisphere between Andromeda and Cepheus.

Big dipper
A cluster of seven stars in the constellation Ursa Major, four forming the bowl and three the handle of a dipper-shaped configuration. Also called Charles\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\'s Wain

Little dipper
The seven bright stars that form the constellation Ursa Minor.


7.16
Axis
Noun
A straight line about which a body or geometric object rotates or may be conceived to rotate.

Microgravity
Noun
A condition in which there is very little net gravitational force, as of a free-falling object, an orbit, or interstellar space.

Treadmill
Noun
A mechanism rotated by people treading on the moving steps of a wheel.


Science G7
7.18
Ecosystems
Noun
An ecological community together with its environment, functioning as a unit.

Biosphere
Noun
The part of the earth and its atmosphere in which living organisms exist or that is capable of supporting life.

Encompasses
Noun
o form a circle or ring around; surround.

Biome
Noun
A major regional or global biotic community, such as a grassland or desert, characterized chiefly by the dominant forms of plant life and the prevailing climate.

Biotic
Noun
Of or having to do with life or living organisms.

abiotic
noun
Nonliving

哇，原来已经学完了，开始整理词汇了，这些词好难啊。

晕，楼主贴的只认识一半

本帖最后由 charlenedavid 于 2013-7-6 17:05 编辑

7.05

Weight               
Noun
A measure of the heaviness of an object.

Gravity
Noun
The natural force of attraction exerted by a celestial body, such as Earth, upon objects at or near its surface, tending to draw them toward the center of the body.

Mass
Noun
A unified body of matter with no specific shape.

Air pressure
Noun
the force exerted by air, whether compressed or unconfined, on any surface in contact with it.

The properties of air
1 has weight
2 takes up space
3 expands when heated
  
7.06


Bernoulli’s principle
The faster the air moves the lower it’s pressure.

Airfoil
Noun
A part or surface, such as a wing, propeller blade, or rudder, whose shape and orientation control stability, direction, lift, thrust, or propulsion.

Stream line
Noun
The path of a constituent particle of a flowing fluid undisturbed

Exerts
Noun
1. To put to use or effect; put forth.
2. To bring to bear; exercise.
3. To put (oneself) to strenuous effort:

aerodynamic     
1. Of or relating to aerodynamics.
2. Designed with rounded edges so as to reduce wind drag and thereby increase fuel efficiency.

仰望之{:soso_e102:}

本帖最后由 charlenedavid 于 2013-7-5 21:33 编辑

7.04

Molars
Noun
tooth with a broad crown used to grind food, located behind the premolars.

Canines
Noun
One of the pointed, conical teeth located between the incisors and the first bicuspids. Also called cuspid.

Incisors
Noun
A tooth adapted for cutting or gnawing, located at the front of the mouth along the apex of the dental arch.

Gills
Noun
The respiratory organ of most aquatic animals that breathe water to obtain oxygen, consisting of a filamentous structure of vascular membranes across which dissolved gases are exchanged.

Exothermic
Noun
Coldblooded

Endothermic
Noun
Warm blooded

Glands
Noun
A cell, a group of cells, or an organ that produces a secretion for use elsewhere in the body or in a body cavity or for elimination from the body.

本帖最后由 charlenedavid 于 2013-7-3 21:23 编辑

7.02
Arthropods
Noun
A large division of Articulata, embracing all those that have jointed legs. It includes Insects, Arachnida, Pychnogonida, and Crustacea.

Myriapoda
Noun
A class, or subclass, of arthropods, related to the hexapod insects, from which they differ in having the body made up of numerous similar segments, nearly all of which bear true jointed legs. They have one pair of antennæ, three pairs of mouth organs, and numerous tracheæ, similar to those of true insects. The larvæ, when first hatched, often have but three pairs of legs.

Arachnida
Noun
a large class of arthropods including spiders and ticks and scorpions and daddy longlegs; have four pairs of walking legs and no wings

crustacean
noun
Any of various predominantly aquatic arthropods of the class Crustacea, including lobsters, crabs, shrimps, and barnacles, characteristically having a segmented body, a chitinous exoskeleton, and paired, jointed limbs.

Insect
Noun
One of the classes of Arthropoda, including those that have one pair of antennæ, three pairs of mouth organs, and breathe air by means of tracheæ, opening by spiracles along the sides of the body. In this sense it includes the Hexapoda, or six-legged insects and the Myriapoda, with numerous legs.

Head
Noun
he uppermost or forwardmost part of the body of a vertebrate, containing the brain and the eyes, ears, nose, mouth, and jaws.

Thorax
Noun
The second or middle region of the body of an arthropod, between the head and the abdomen, in insects bearing the true legs and wings.

Abdomen
Noun
The part of the body that lies between the thorax and the pelvis and encloses the stomach, intestines, liver, spleen, and pancreas. Also called belly.

Exoskeleton
Noun
A hard outer structure, such as the shell of an insect or crustacean, that provides protection or support for an organism.

7.03
Vertebrates
Noun
Having a backbone or spinal column.

Bilateral
Noun
Having or formed of two sides; two-sided.

Fish
Noun
Any of numerous cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates of the superclass Pisces, characteristically having fins, gills, and a streamlined body and including specifically.

Bird
Noun
Any of various warm-blooded, egg-laying, feathered vertebrates of the class Aves, having forelimbs modified to form wings.

Amphibian
Noun
A cold-blooded, smooth-skinned vertebrate of the class Amphibia, such as a frog or salamander, that characteristically hatches as an aquatic larva with gills. The larva then transforms into an adult having air-breathing lungs.

Reptile
Noun
Any of various cold-blooded, usually egg-laying vertebrates of the class Reptilia, such as a snake, lizard, crocodile, turtle, or dinosaur, having an external covering of scales or horny plates and breathing by means of lungs.

Mammal
Noun
Any of various warm-blooded vertebrate animals of the class Mammalia, whose young feed on milk that is produced by the mother\\\'s mammary glands. Unlike other vertebrates, mammals have a diaphragm that separates the heart and lungs from the other internal organs, red blood cells that lack a nucleus, and usually hair or fur. All mammals but the monotremes bear live young. Mammals include rodents, cats, dogs, ungulates, cetaceans, and apes.

这是几岁的孩子？这么牛？

客观地说，同步不太可能，别说我们都回国3年了，就算一直留在加拿大，他的词汇范围，文化理解范围，跟同学还是有差距的，这个差距，或许会在孩子以后的成长中慢慢缩小，但差距是肯定有的。

我追求的也不是百分百的融合同步，毕竟我们还收获了中文呢，只要孩子在学校学习上，能跟上别人（哪怕开始暂时落后），有朋友玩（语言也是需要的，没有语言，何来交流？）初步能达到这个，我觉得就很欣慰了。

为了这个目标，回国3年，我们也一直在努力准备着，包括学原版教材、看原版片（熟悉文化和听力）、看原版书（阅读能力）、听英文故事。。。。。还有我们还参加篮球、冰球、游泳（希望孩子能在运动上，认识一些朋友，不至于成书虫）。

尽力吧，毕竟现在还在国内，去了加拿大后，孩子会怎样适应，我们目前还不好说，尽力准备吧。

学习了，我一直以为lemur是一种类狗动物，原来还是 Primates。
话说LZ的孩子和国外同龄孩子，英语水平是否是同步的阿？

你整理啊？不是他整理么？

你儿子很厉害啊!

看得云里雾里。佩服！！为牛娃加油鼓劲！！

原先我们每天的原版教材（加州和GLENCOE），不学了，开始整理词汇。

这个太专业了，大都不认识！{:soso_e110:}

这些是原版教材六年级科学课里的词汇，儿子今年9月份要去加拿大读G8，所以，得熟悉这些词汇，其实是学一下G6，G7的科学课。

认识的单词廖廖无几

天哪，眼晕。宝宝和妈妈都好牛。

呃，都好难啊

本帖最后由 yangran 于 2013-7-1 16:24 编辑

这得什么水平呀？厉害

都是些不常见的单词！厉害

  厉害，有目标 有计划{:soso_e179:}

上面几个链接是英语词典的网站，我让儿子自己查好字典，把解释COPY出来，看一遍。

最后我还要和儿子一起再来看一遍这个解释，解释里都有不少词汇呢，真是词汇套词汇了。

汗颜,{:soso_e127:} 里面我只懂几个