Sight Words
已有 127 次阅读 2016-2-29 14:21 系统分类:成长记录
美国5-8岁孩子阅读常用字：Dolch Sight Words
文/ Marcia
Dolch Words / Dolch Sight Words是美国学者E.W. Dolch 在二次世界大战之前，针对当时英语儿童读物做了系统分析和统计后整理出来的英语初级阅读中最常使用的220个词，加上儿童图书中经常出现的95个名词。这些词在英语教科书，图书，报章，杂志中的出现率为60 to 85%。
Dolch Sight Words共分5个等级，包含了不少抽象意义的介词和代词，比如：the, of, from on等单字，这些字如果没有和其他意义的单字联系起来，人们很难明白其意思。Dolch Sight Words也包含许多“较不符合拼读法（Phonics）规则”特性的单字。比如：were，one, come, eight, 等字。这些字不能通过拼读法认知，而必须通过视觉认识/记忆才能掌握，这也是为什么Dolch Words被称为视觉词（sight words）的原因。
由于这些字是初期阅读物中出现频率很高的单字，所以如果孩子能够在阅读初级阶段，首先掌握这些Sight Words，就能为他们在英语阅读方面打下不可缺少的坚实基础。
如果孩子单学习拼读法，而忽视sight words的学习，那么他们的仍然无法顺利阅读英语。这里的关键在于sight words，因为phonics兼具发音，拼字既阅读的功能，而sight words在孩子的阅读材料中占有将近60%-80%的份额， 也就是能够帮助孩子拥有超过85%的阅读能力。因此孩子在学习英语阅读时，phonics 和 sight words的学习必须同时并行，相辅相成，两者缺一不可，这是孩子学习英语最直接，最简单的基石之一。
在这篇博文中，先给大家介绍Dolch Sight Words的所有单字，在以后的博文中，还会陆续给大家介绍一些含有Dolch Sight Words的儿童绘本，以便孩子学习。
按单词出现的频率:
| the | down | blue | yellow | write | under |
| to | do | red | five | always | read |
| and | can | from | six | drink | why |
| he | could | good | walk | once | own |
| a | when | any | two | soon | found |
| I | did | about | or | made | wash |
| you | what | around | before | run | slow |
| it | so | want | eat | gave | hot |
| of | see | don't | again | open | because |
| in | not | how | play | has | far |
| was | were | know | who | find | live |
| said | get | right | been | only | draw |
| his | them | put | may | us | clean |
| that | like | too | stop | three | grow |
| she | one | got | off | our | best |
| for | this | take | never | better | upon |
| on | my | where | seven | hold | these |
| they | would | every | eight | buy | sing |
| but | me | pretty | cold | funny | together |
| had | will | jump | today | warm | please |
| at | yes | green | fly | ate | thank |
| him | big | four | myself | full | wish |
| with | went | away | round | those | many |
| up | are | old | tell | done | shall |
| all | come | by | much | use | laugh |
| look | if | their | keep | fast | |
| is | now | here | give | say | |
| her | long | saw | work | light | |
| there | no | call | first | pick | |
| some | came | after | try | hurt | |
| out | ask | well | new | pull | |
| as | very | think | must | cut | |
| be | an | ran | start | kind | |
| have | over | let | black | both | |
| go | yours | help | white | sit | |
| we | its | make | ten | which | |
| am | ride | going | does | fall | |
| then | into | sleep | bring | carry | |
| little | just | brown | goes | small |
按年级分类：
学龄前 | 幼儿园 | 1 年级 | 2年级 | 年级3 | 名词 |
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a | all | after | always | about | apple | home |
and | am | again | around | better | baby | horse |
away | are | an | because | bring | back | house |
big | at | any | been | carry | ball | kitty |
blue | ate | as | before | clean | bear | leg |
can | be | ask | best | cut | bed | letter |
come | black | by | both | done | bell | man |
down | brown | could | buy | draw | bird | men |
find | but | every | call | drink | birthday | milk |
for | cam | fly | cold | eight | boat | money |
funny | did | from | does | fall | box | morning |
go | do | give | don't | far | boy | mother |
help | eat | going | fast | full | bread | name |
here | four | had | first | got | brother | nest |
I | get | has | five | grow | cake | night |
in | good | her | found | hold | car | paper |
is | have | him | gave | hot | cat | party |
it | he | his | goes | hurt | chair | picture |
jump | into | how | green | if | chicken | pig |
little | like | just | its | keep | children | rabbit |
look | must | know | made | kind | Christmas | rain |
make | new | let | many | laugh | coat | ring |
me | no | live | off | light | corn | robin |
my | now | may | or | long | cow | Santa Claus |
not | on | of | pull | much | day | school |
one | our | old | read | myself | dog | seed |
play | out | once | right | never | doll | sheep |
red | please | open | sing | only | door | shoe |
run | pretty | over | sit | own | duck | sister |
said | ran | put | sleep | pick | egg | snow |
see | ride | round | tell | seven | eye | song |
the | saw | some | their | shall | far m | squirrel |
three | say | stop | these | show | Farmer | stick |
to | she | take | those | six | father | street |
two | so | thank | upon | small | feet | sun |
up | soon | them | us | start | fire | table |
we | that | then | use | ten | fish | thing |
where | there | think | very | today | floor | time |
yellow | they | walk | wash | together | flower | top |
you | this | were | which | try | game | toy |
| too | when | why | warm | garden | tree |
| under |
| wish |
| girl | watch |
| want |
| work |
| good-bye | water |
| was |
| would |
| grass | way |
| well |
| write |
| ground | wind |
| went |
| your |
| hand | window |
| what |
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| head | wood |
| white |
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| hill |
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| who |
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| will |
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| with |
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| Yes |
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