美国义务教育新标准CCSS：拼写（Orthography）

标签： 美国课程标准 ccss spelling 拼写 英文音节 教育

分类： 教育资源

Single letters

Doublets

Digraphs

Trigraphs

Consonants in blends

Silent letter combinations

Combination qu

b, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s, t, v, w, y, z

ff, ll, ss, zz

th, sh, ch, wh

ph, ng (sing)

gh (cough)

[ck is a guest in this category]

-tch，-dge

s-c-r (scrape) th-r (thrush)

c-l (clean) f-t (sift)

l-k (milk) s-t (most)

and many more

kn (knock), wr (wrestle), gn (gnarl), ps

(psychology), rh (rhythm), -mb (crumb),

-lk (folk), -mn (hymn), -st (listen)

Single letters

Vowel teams

Vowel-r combinations

Vowel-consonant-e (VCe)

short vowels) cap, hit, gem, clod,muss

(long vowels) me, no, music

(short vowels) head, hook

(long vowels) boat, sigh, weigh

(diphthongs) toil, bout

car, sport, her, burn, first

gate, eve, rude, hope, five

Closed

Vowel-C-e(“Magic e”)

Open

Vowel Team

Vowel-r，(r-controlled)

Consonant-le

syllable with a short vowel spelled with a

single vowel letter ending in one or more consonants

A syllable with a long vowel spelled with one vowel + one consonant + silent e

A syllable that ends with a long vowel sound, spelled with a single vowel letter

Syllables that use two to four letters to spell the

vowel

A syllable with er, ir, or, ar, or ur。Vowel pronunciation often changes before /r/.

An unaccented final syllable containing a consonant

before /l/ followed by a silent e

ap-ple

hos-tel

bev-erage

compete

despite

program

table

recent

beau-ti-ful

train-er

con-geal

spoil-age

in-jur-ious

con-sort

char-ter

dribble

beagle

little

-s

-s

-ed

-ing

-en

’s

-er

-est

plural noun

I had two eggs for breakfast.

third person singular verb

She gets what she wants.

past tense verb

We posted the notice.

progressive tense verb

We will be waiting a long time.

past participle

He had eaten his lunch.

possessive singular The frog’s spots were brown.

comparative adjective

He is taller than she is.

superlative adjective

Tom is the tallest of all.