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本帖最后由 pyy55 于 2011-3-19 12:20 编辑

有小朋友要参加各类比赛,家长突然想起这个问题来,上台怎么办?手往哪里放?忘词怎么办?紧张如何是好?

呵呵,其实,这些都是通过平时训练即可达到的要求。

首先我们来看看PublicSpeaking Presentation的区别,按照我的理解,publicspeaking 是所有当众的讲话,小到二人聊天、磋商、小组讨论,大到上百上千人的演讲、公告,都可以称之谓public speaking。但其实我不愿意称之为“公共演讲”,因为它不一定是“演讲。”而Presentation则是带有演示工具的public speaking, 比如籍由实物、图片或者是ppt

这里我想讨论的是presentation.

我们的惯常思维方式,常常会从AZ,就己到彼,举例:刚才提到的:上台怎么办?手往哪里放?忘词怎么办?紧张如何是好?统统都是从AZ,由己到彼。我们要做的其实是反过来,考官(听众)怎么没看,成功的presentation 标准是啥?用这个反推,你自然知道上台怎么办?手往哪里放?忘词怎么办?紧张如何是好?哈哈,笑~~~

好了,那么啥子才是成功的presentation呢?咳咳,其实就是三个标准啊。它们分别是:story message,physical message visualmessage.

一个一个来。。。

Story message what to deliver):其实就是你要讲的内容,我们统统称之为story。它的内容包括结构、内容和转承起合。 结构和转承起合,考察的都是你的逻辑关系,内容就是你讲什么。换个角度看,你也可以说这个story 包括三方面的东西。一是,材料的组织(开头、主体和结论), 二是是否使用了恰当的语言(语法啊、是否生动啊等等)。这个很重要,但是呢需要平时积累。非要临阵磨枪的话,那就是稿子要准备好了。三呢,通常presentation 的结尾会有问答环节,那么这就要考察你的question taking 技巧了。要做到这个,需要事前思考,观众听众可能会问什么问题,哪里容易迷惑,自己就事先准备好答案。此外,如果是规定了时间的presentation,而你又纸短情长,那么这个Q&A session就是你的舞台啦,你就在presentation的时候事先卖个关子(如,我现在要讲的很重要,由于时间关系,就不多说了,等下有人问我,我就可以回答哦),诺,你知道该怎么做了吧?上面说的是有准备的问题,但是绝对有人问你始料未及的问题,答不上来怎么办?要么就诚实地说,不知道,我回去查资料,要么就说,这个三两句说不清楚,我们下来摆。


我们现在回头看看开头家长担心的那些问题,其实家长关心的这一类问题上台怎么办?手往哪里放?忘词怎么办?紧张如何是好?,我们统统都称之为physical message。这也说明physical message就是大家最关心,也感到最难解决的问题。何为physical message?就是how to deliver, 怎么讲的问题。有调查说,你看一个人的presentation, 80%都是在“看”这他怎么讲,而不是“听”他讲了些啥。当然可能有点言过其实,但说明的问题就是,这个physical message很重要。别怕,其实最能立竿见影的就是这个physical message。具体而言,它可以分为Dressing
Eye Contact Posture Gesture Voice。穿着得体这个大家都能理解。说到眼神交流,这个问题就大了。你仔细观察presentation生手,那眼神要么望天,要么看脚尖,要么看屏幕,要么飘忽不定。Posture站姿呢,绝少有人不经过训练就可以做得好,不信你自己试试?呵呵。。。因为紧张,所以很多人要用满不在乎来掩饰,因此呢,你就可以看到什么,一条腿不停地抖动啊,身子靠在讲台上啊等等等等。说到手势,我们中国人不习惯过多做手势,但是你这手要放好。常常看见有同志紧张,要么手插裤兜,搞得硬币叮当作响,要么,抓耳挠腮。。。说到声音,声音我们听的是音调和语速,有些人一紧张,声音就犀利无比,说话就其快无比。。。呵呵

最后,是visualmessage, 这个可用的很多,比如之前提到过的实物啊、模型啊、幻灯片啊以及流行的ppt啊啥的。其实ppt的讲究就太多了,要如何做professional ppt也不是三两句就能说清楚的,就不表了哈。

语无伦次地讲了这么多,如果能够针对上述问题,做些训练,那么相信很快就可以成为powerful presenter。

皮埃斯,国外大学通常都会开“public speaking”这门课。但是呢,这个,从娃娃开始就更好了。



评分查看全部评分

参与人数 8 贝壳 +250 理由 收起
hiwendy + 10 受益了
猴妈 + 20 太好了!
tigermom + 50 哇,真专业啊,赞一个
jessiekissyou + 10 送花!
巍巍 + 20 好牛啊
keirei + 20 木總管出手真大方, 我也加分來了
小木 + 100 啥也不说了,加分就对了
绿袖子 + 20 好详尽周到啊!谢谢!
16629 查看 104 收藏帖子 (57)

说说我的看法高级模式

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  • 小木

    2011-3-18 17:09:10 使用道具

    受益菲浅啊,感谢p导
  • 小木

    2011-3-18 17:10:01 使用道具

    要结合315的讲话精神一起看
  • ccoo

    2011-3-18 17:10:48 使用道具

    中国的学生需要这方面的锻炼。多谢您的资讯!
  • 武汉飞鱼

    2011-3-18 17:10:59 使用道具

    本帖最后由 武汉飞鱼 于 2011-3-18 17:11 编辑

    哇  先站前排再读!
  • admin

    2011-3-18 17:11:22 使用道具

    好帖子啊
  • 美莲

    2011-3-18 17:21:34 使用道具

    这速度,抢不过别人在前排露脸也行
  • 雨点沙沙

    2011-3-18 17:22:19 使用道具

    强,排队,等下文……
  • zhuwenting

    2011-3-18 17:23:27 使用道具

    进来学习。
  • cindy泡沫之夏

    2011-3-18 17:47:28 使用道具

    好详尽周到啊!
  • woaiaoao

    2011-3-18 17:51:22 使用道具

    好贴,要转到博客里慢慢看。
  • jessiekissyou

    2011-3-18 19:11:56 使用道具

    强贴留爪子!
  • cherryxufang

    2011-3-18 19:29:46 使用道具

    这个帖子非常及时,可以用到女儿的英语比赛中去。
  • 霹雳火

    2011-3-18 19:38:06 使用道具

    不错,持续关注中,版版继续哈。
  • leaf_fall

    2011-3-18 19:46:48 使用道具

    呵呵,好有趣,楼主讲得激动,方言都出来了,“啥子才是成功的presentation呢”?学习了,我也头疼孩子的这个问题,永远在台上不知所措。
  • 晨晨妈妈

    2011-3-18 20:19:41 使用道具

    应该多给孩子锻炼的机会。我当过单位一些比赛及各类活动的主持人。刚开始也是很紧张,锻炼的多了,自然就能把握了。
  • ymei

    2011-3-18 20:40:43 使用道具

    Page1都是高歌赞美的,唤醒我这迟钝的人也姗姗而来……
  • 猜猜妈妈

    2011-3-18 22:18:16 使用道具

    留爪学习。。
  • olivia_chen

    2011-3-18 22:24:53 使用道具

    好帖子,学习了
    天天让学生做presentation,其实真让自己做一个,还真不知从何下手。。。
  • sammiyu

    2011-3-18 23:38:11 使用道具

    "上面说的是有准备的问题......要么就说,这个三两句说不清楚,我们下来摆。"

    学习了,这一招太给力了
  • monica100

    2011-3-18 23:43:23 使用道具

    很少看到这类资料呢,谢谢分享
  • high5

    2011-3-19 01:39:43 使用道具

    PYY 导讲的好, 我给PYY 打打下手, 贴点相关的资料, 供各位参考。

    25 Elementary School Speech Topics
    1. What makes you happy?
    2. Our last vacation trip.
    3. Fairy tale characters you would like to talk with.
    4. Magic tricks you can show.
    5. Funny things my pet has done.
    6. My favorite family story.
    7. Oceans in the world.
    8. My neighborhood.
    9. Funny Halloween costumes.
    10. A visit to the doctor, dentist.
    11. How does it feel to wake up an being a giant?
    12. Places I lived.
    13. Why I want to travel in space.
    14. The best paper airplanes
    15. How boomerangs work.
    16. Circus clowns.
    17. The fire department.
    18. Fireworks on New Year's Eve.
    19. The best fishing spots.
    20. My best birthday ever.
    21. I'm good at ...
    22. This is the song I like to sing every day: ...
    23. Making Puzzels.
    24. Police uniforms.
    25. What can you see in the zoo?
    26. Musical instruments.
    摘自 http://www.speech-topics-help.co ... -speech-topics.html

    每一个题目, 就是小作文题。 网站上还有其他相关资料也很不错。
  • high5

    2011-3-19 01:43:42 使用道具

    Elementary School Speech Topics

    1st 10 Speech Topics For Kids

        * persuade us that doing homework is good/not good for you (这个有意思, 让不喜欢做作业的孩子说一说)
        * persuade us that watching cartoons is good/not good for you
        * persuade us that recess should be longer
        * explain why dogs are better than cats (or the other way around)
        * show us how to make a popsicle pencil holder
        * show us how to make the perfect peanut butter and jelly sandwich
        * tell us why living on planet earth is better than living on planet mars
        * tell us what happened to the dinosaurs
        * show us how to stop a nose bleed
        * tell us what makes you a good friend to have

    2nd 10 Speech Topics For Kids

        * tell us about the world's largest animal (blue whale)
        * tell us about the world's tallest animal (giraffe)
        * tell us about the world's fastest insect (dragonfly)
        * talk about air pollution and how to reduce it where you live
        * what is the best thing about summer
        * what planet would you like to visit and why
        * what to do if someone bullies you in the playground
        * there is/is not too much violence on tv
        * who is your hero/heroine and why
        * if you could have one super power what would it be

    3rd 10 Speech Topics For Kids

        * how would you make your school better
        * what is your favorite kind of music and why
        * tell us about your favorite outdoor activity
        * tell us about your favorite book
        * what is your favorite thing about going back to school
        * why everyone should eat more vegetables
        * persuade us that drinking soda is bad for your health
        * what is your favorite sport
        * persuade us to recycle
        * tell us why too much tv is bad for your health

    4th 10 Speech Topics For Kids

        * tell us why wearing a uniform to school is/is not a good idea
        * tell us how rainbows are formed
        * how to tell time with a sun clock
        * why is it important to brush your teeth
        * what is the greatest thing ever invented
        * which cartoon character or fairy tale character would you like to be
        * what is your favorite sports activity
        * what are the safety rules for riding a bike
        * what is your favorite subject in school and why
        * what animal would you be if you could be an animal for a day

    摘自 http://www.best-speech-topics.com/speech-topics-for-kids.html
  • high5

    2011-3-19 01:45:46 使用道具

    还有几个:

    1st 10 Elementary School Speech Topics

        * my favorite silly family story
        * why I should be President
        * why my favorite subject is science, english, math, gym...etc.
        * tell us the rules for baseball, soccer, go fish...etc.
        * tell us some of the consequences of lying, stealing, cheating, etc.
        * I would ________ if I won a million dollars
        * I want to be a ____________ when I grow up because....
        * Convince us that it is better to be a kid than an adult
        * Convince us that it is better to be an adult than a kid
        * Why I want to travel to outer space

    2nd 10 Elementary School Speech Topics

        * if I could talk to any cartoon character it would be______ because...
        * my greatest strength is...
        * what I would most like to learn how to do is...
        * my favorite creative outlet is painting, music, acting, etc.
        * being a kid sucks because...
        * being a kid is great because...
        * what peace means to me
        * war scares me because...
        * if I could have anything I wished for it would be _______ because...
        * the best day of my life was...

    3rd 10 Elementary School Speech Topics

        * my school is the best because...
        * tell us about your most prized possession
        * tell us about the best way to study for a test
        * I would never smoke cigarettes because...
        * my favorite movie is
        * convince us that spinach is something we should eat more of
        * convince us that candy is good/bad for our health
        * why we should use paper bags instead of plastic
        * hot dogs are better than hamburgers/or the other way around
        * convince us that kids should be allowed to choose their own bedtime
    摘自 http://www.best-speech-topics.co ... -speech-topics.html
  • high5

    2011-3-19 02:13:42 使用道具

    这个网站上还有教师如何对孩子的presentation进行评分的评分标准, 有兴趣的可以去参考一下
    A complete guide for Educational Rubrics and Assessment
    Presentation and Oral Rubrics
    http://www.rubrics4teachers.com/presentation.php
    http://www.teachervision.fen.com/tv/printables/0130884065_308.pdf

    将Presentation的每一个部分分开来评分, 以减少人为的印象分。
  • high5

    2011-3-19 02:26:06 使用道具

    这个Rubrics的评分标准看了看, 不禁感叹美国的小学教育。 这是给小学生做presentation的要求。 根据这些要求训练出来的孩子, 说话至少不会颠三倒四, 云三雾四的不知所云。
    里面首先要求, 主题明确, 完整, 组织顺畅。 关键词运用得当, 逻辑顺序正确, 让听众容易理解你在说什么。 利用图片以及其他相关信息提高讲演的可听程度, 身体语言上, 要求和听众的互动和沟通等等。
    我们国家在这方面的教育, 实在是还有待提高啊。
  • GBEAR

    2011-3-19 07:43:07 使用道具

    好帖啊!非常需要这些方面的知识.
  • LIUCAOHAN

    2011-3-19 08:29:44 使用道具

    确实中国的教育这方面很是欠缺啊,学习了!
  • diana_d

    2011-3-19 15:31:28 使用道具

    好贴呀!留个记号,以备重读
  • wangchenyu2006

    2011-3-19 15:42:56 使用道具

    这边信息更丰富啊,认真学习啦!