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2016-11-24

[亲子自助] 各种念书笔记

首先，我娃很普通，俺也不是推妈。就一很普通的妈妈，在有空的时候，陪儿子念书，各种读书笔记，而已。我觉得，我娃是美国中等水平吧。也不知道对不对，因为实在没有数据支持，和横向比较，希望更多妈妈比较之后告诉我。
其次，我娃在NYC的公校，考试是学习的绝大部分，去学校，感觉就是去考试，还有就是学习如何在逆境中成长。所以我的各种陪读笔记，都是考试重点，或者一个NYC普通公校的要求而已，大家比较下吧，不是我自己杜撰的。
最后，主要收了coolwater的影响，觉得大家都来把资料放上来，共享的信息，然后更全面的指导娃，多好呀！！！
希望抱砖引玉，有更多的妈妈，能把娃的学习情况，或者妈妈的个人理解，放上来。

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hua98918

楼主 2016-11-24 05:43:22 使用道具

Grade 3 - Science notes

Chapter11 Properties of Matter

Matteris made up of particles whose properties determine the observablecharacteristics of matter and its reactivity.

Studentsshould describe, categorize, compare, and measure observable physicalproperties of matter and objects. Students’ initial efforts in performing theseprocesses may yield simple descriptions and sketches, which may lead toincreasingly more detailed drawings and richer verbal descriptions. Things canbe done to materials to change their properties, but not all materials respondin the same way to what is done to them. Younger students emphasize physicalproperties while older students will recognize chemical changes. Appropriatetools can aid students in their efforts.

Observeand describe properties of materials, using appropriate tools.

MajorUnderstandings:

Lesson 1What is Matter?

Matter takes up space and has mass.Two objects cannot occupy the same place at

the sametime. Eg: air, Ice, water, and clouds.

Matter has Physical Properties (color, hardness, odor, sound, taste, etc.)that can be

observed through the senses.

Sight –color (red, yellow)

Hearing– sound (wind rustles leaves)

Touch –hardness, texture (cold and hard, soft and delicate, fluffy cat)

Smell –odor (rose, rotting garbage)

Taste –flavor(sweet, salty, sour, bitter)

Objectshave properties that can be observed, described, and/or measured: length,

width, volume, size,shape, mass or weight, temperature, texture, flexibility, reflectiveness

of light.

Measurementscan be made with standard metric units and nonstandard units.

(Note:Exceptions to the metric system usage are found in meteorology.)

Mass isthe amount of matter in something. Mass can measure by using a balance.is often measured in grams(g) or kilograms(kg).

Volume isthe amount of spaces matter takes up. Graduated cylinder andmeasuringcup measure the volume of liquid in milliliters.

Density is the mass ofmatter compared to its volume. Example: two identical boxes, one withfeather, another one with rocks. The two boxes have same volume, but the box ofrocks has much more mass. Rocks have greater density than feathers.

Sink andFloat

How wellan object floats is a physical property, too. Density isthe reason.

Matter that is lessdense than water floats, Matter that is denser than water sinks.

You canchange an object shape to increase the volume, which is takes up more space.Yet, the mass doesn’t change.

The same mass that hasa greater volume is less dense.

Question:how is volume different from mass?

Question:A boat loaded with too much cargo sank. Why? Its density increased.

Lesson 2

Statesof Matter

Threestates of Matter are solid, liquid, and gas. eg: water, wax

Solid is matter with a volume and a shape thatstay the same.

Solidstay solids unless something, such as heat, changes them. The motion of smallparticles speed up.

Youremove the enough heat from water, it freezes. The motion of small particlesslow down.

Liquids is matter that has a volume that stays thesame but a shape that can change.

Gas has no definite shape or volume. A gastakes up all the space in a container.

	Volume	Shape
Solid	Not change	Not change
Liquids	Not change	change with container
Gas	Change with container	change with container

Changesof State

Evaporation: water moves into the air. Boiling alsomakes water evaporate, but it more quickly.

Condensation: the change of a gas to a liquid

Question:

A solidobject melts to become a liquid. Was heat added or was it removed to cause thechange? Explain.

Lesson 3How Does Matter change?

Physical Change: Changes in matter thatdon’t form new kinds of matter are physical change

Eg:cutting a paper, knitting a wool cap.

Mixtures is a substance that is made up of two ormore kinds of matter.

Making a mixtureis a physical change. You put different types of matter together, but no newtypes of matter are formed.

Separatingthe parts of a mixture is a physical change. Eg: separate sand and water. Separatesalt and water.

Solution is mixture in which different kinds ofmatter mix evenly.

Sand +water is not solution because sand didn’t dissolve in the water.

Salt+water is solution because salt dissolve in the water.

Chemical changes: Changes that form different kinds of matter are chemical changes.

Cooking a cake is a chemical change. Flour,sugar, eggs, milk à cake

Burning is also a chemical change. Wood burnàashes and smoke(no wood any more)

Which ofthese is a chemical change?

A. Burning gasoline in acar

B. Puttingon fingernail polish

C. Makinga chain from strips of paper

D. Grindingwheat to make flour

3.1e Thematerial(s) an object is made up of determine some specific properties of the

object (sink/float,conductivity, magnetism). Properties can be observed or measured

withtools such as hand lenses, metric rulers, thermometers, balances, magnets,circuit

testers,and graduated cylinders.

3.1fObjects and/or materials can be sorted or classified according to theirproperties.

3.1gSome properties of an object are dependent on the conditions of the present

surroundingsin which the object exists. For example:

•temperature - hot or cold

•lighting - shadows, color

•moisture - wet or dry

Describechemical and physical changes, including changes in states of matter.

MajorUnderstandings:

3.2aMatter exists in three states: solid, liquid, gas.

• solidshave a definite shape and volume

•liquids do not have a definite shape but have a definite volume

• gasesdo not hold their shape or volume

3.2bTemperature can affect the state of matter of a substance.

3.2c Changes in theproperties or materials of objects can be observed and described.

hua98918

楼主 2016-11-24 05:44:22 使用道具

Grade 3 - Social Study -Chapter 1

Lesson 1 Earth’sLand and Water

A Landform is a shape or feature on the Earth’ssurface.

Landforms are found on everycontinent on Earth

A continent is alarge area of land.

Seven continents on Earth: Africa,Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, and South America

Geography is the study of people, places, and Earth.

Landform,bodies of water are geographyfeature.

Ocean:largest bodies of water on Earth, surround the continents, cover more thantwo-thirds of Earth.

A sea:a smaller ocean.

A gulf: ocean partly surrounded by land.

River:bodies of water that flow downhill

Lakes:bodies of fresh water surrounded by land.

Rivers and streams flow downstream to oceans.

Earth’s geographic features affect where people buildcommunities.

People live on plains(the land is level or flat), so theycan easily farm, build homes, and travel.

People live in valleys(the land between mountains orhills), the rich valley soil are goodfor farming

People live in Mountains, hard for grow crops on high slopes,but they can resist natural disasters.

People Live nearby water: get fresh water for drinking, growing crops, and easily travel in boats.

Climate is theweather of a place over a long period of time. It’s another geographicfeature.

Eg: warm, cold, wet, dry; different seasons.

Climate are affectby landform and water.

Eg:The cool water inan ocean tends to cool nearby air in the summer.

The climate inhigh mountains is cooler than in low valleys.

People adapt to differentclimates.

To adapt is to changeto fit a new place or event.

How? People adaptedto their climate by choosing shelter and clothing that meet their needs. Eg1:In a cold climate, people wear coats and hats outdoors. Eg2: In a hot climate,people cool their homes and businesses.

Climate also affects the plants and animals that live inthat area. Eg1: cactus grow well withlittle rain. Eg2: some horned lizards live in hot climate.

Summary:Geographic feature affect how and where people choose to live.

Similarity and difference of living near a river and plain.

Lesson 2 Communities and Resources

The environment is thewater, soil, air and living things around you.

Natural resources arething found in nature that are useful to people. Eg: Plants, fresh water.

Human resource arethe skills, knowledge, and hard work that people bring to their jobs.

Capital resources arethings used by people to make goods or provide services. Eg: machines, tools,building, road.

These three resourcesare all used to make goods.Different communities use those resources in different ways.

Use example to elaborate the three different resource.

A region is an area that shares on or more features.(features include landforms, climate, resources)

Communities use their resource in different ways.

Eg1: lemon, Costa Rica -> a warm, sunny region à natural resources:good soil & sunshine àgrow bananas

Eg2: New York City:

Natural resource: Hudson River and Atlantic Ocean à waterways make thecity an ideal place for moving goods

Human resource: More than eight million people live and workhere àenough human resource make NYC as an important business center.

Capital resources: More wealthy Jewish banker/Wall streetinvestor àenough money to do business

Question: what isthe most kind of resources? Why?

For natural resource: Do not over use that. People canconserver, save some.

Reuse or recycle.

Lesson 3 Looking at culture

Culture is the wayof life a group of people share.

Including: their ideas, beliefs, and languages, music, celebrations,art, education, clothes, food, etc.

What is one way that children learn tradition of theirculture?

A tradition is aculture’s special way of doing things. Adults pass down their traditions tochildren to keep their culture alive.

Holiday celebration, special food, sing certain song,special dance.

You can also learn tradition of culture through stories.

Adults pass down traditions. They trach children aboutlanguage, religion, or rules of their culture.4

Learn from the family time/family meal.

Comparing culture:

People from all culture have the same basic needs.

Needs are thethings people must have in order to live. Eg: food, water, clothing, andshelter are basic need.

Different culture has different way to meet theirneeds. From food, clothing, shelter.

A mix of cultures:

Different countries have different cultures.

An ethnic group is agroup of people who have their own language and culture.

Some country, most of people belong to same ethnic group,same traditions and beliefs.

Other country, such as United States, have a mix of peoplefrom many ethnic group. People bring the traditions of their ethnicgroups. Eg: Italian pizza, Chinese food,Mexico payata.

Summary: Culture is the way of life a group of people share.Adults share their cultural traditions with children in many ways. Culture isdifferent in different places.

Q: What might happen when people from one ethnic group moveto a new place?

Q:Write a list of questions you might ask someone from adifferent country about therir culture.

Lesson 4 Changes over Time

Over time, human culture has changed in many ways.

· Early people live in small, family groups whichis for from each other.

Built shelters for protection fromthe weather. Eg: in caves. Always move.

Food: hunted animals & gatherwild plants. Use up food in one place,they move to another place

· Civilization Begin – began practicingagriculture/ learned new skills

Agriculture means growing crops andraising animals. It gave people a steady supply of food.

Crops need care and time to grow àPeople settling neartheir fields. Build houseàlast and startedcommunities. No farm, learn new skills à writing and makingtools

Civilization à people learned newskills

A civilizationis a group of people who lie together with a shared culture. Includingwriting, agriculture, science, and art.

Changing the land

Civilization change the places where they grow.

Eg1: cut down tree to make farmland. EG2:dig ditches to bring water their crops. Eg3:usenature resources to build house

Some civilizations disappeared: Egypt built huge stonepyramids. City of Cairo

Ways of life change

An economy is the waythat people choose to make, buy, sell and use thing.

Compare nowadays and past life of America.

Communication change: letter/ phone&email

Transportation change: wagon, ship/ cars& airplanes

Food change: plant their own food/ buy food from store

A government is agroup of people who make laws, or rules and keep order.

Why we need government?

Before civilizations develops, people lived in small groups.When larger numbers of people started living together in cities, they needed away to keep order. They may have more conflicts than the small group.

Early civilization were ruled by one person such as king.

A democracy is a formof government in which the people make the decisions about how they should berules. Eg: U.S.A people choose leader to make the laws.

Governments Change

Government change over time. Slowly &peacefully or By force.

Example?

Why was agriculture important to the start of civilization?

danysusu

2016-11-24 06:53:12 使用道具

提示: 作者被禁止或删除内容自动屏蔽

yzxyzx

2016-11-24 07:12:02 使用道具

谢谢。？？。。。。。。。。。。

cheeraid

2016-11-24 09:13:28 使用道具

hua98918 发表于 2016-11-24 05:44
Grade 3 - Social Study -Chapter 1
Lesson 1 Earth’sLand and Water A Landform is a shape or feat ...

几个问题请教下楼主：

1. 这是像传统中国式课堂那样的老师画重点、念重点、写板书，学生当堂记笔记，还是课后学生自己的归纳总结？

2. 如果是后者，这是学校规定的回家作业吗？

3. 记这些笔记的目的是为了对付考试吗？考试时会考到这些内容吗？怎么考的？

hua98918

楼主 2016-11-24 09:45:08 使用道具

1.老师不画重点，上课甚至不怎么讲课的，全部看网上教程（很多很多，各种各样的video），然后做实验，写观察实验报告。根本没有对错之分。教科书是带回家，让家长帮忙复习，怎么复习就随便家长了。我是这么来的，儿子他自己也有笔记，和我差不多，全是List，就是比我简单很多。
2.对，作业一部分，考试前一周，老师让家长每天都要复习。一个chapter也就是30-50页。
3.对，为了考试。和中国一样的考试，考试还分什么种类。选择题，问答题。问答题，用课本的东西回答，不要乱写。
如果家长不复习，个位数也会有的

cheeraid

2016-11-24 12:25:32 使用道具

hua98918 发表于 2016-11-24 09:45
1.老师不画重点，上课甚至不怎么讲课的，全部看网上教程（很多很多，各种各样的video），然后做实验，写观 ...

谢谢，大体明白了。我看记下来的内容，大部分是概念和定义，类似于国内的课堂笔记，所以有此一问。

不知道是怎么复习的？是单纯的记、背还是有其他方式？如果是我，会让孩子用自己的语言说一遍，写一遍，举一反三，延伸思考，画出思维导图。

hua98918

楼主 2016-11-25 12:16:20 使用道具

reading response requirement.

I. Introduction of report
A. grabber sentence
B. author and illustrator
C. genre: historical fiction, science fiction, tale
D. # of pages
E.    theme: The big idea that runs throughout the story.
F.    setting: time period and location the story takes place

II. Main Character
A.    name and a brief description of the main character that helps the reader to understand his or her “personality” traits
1. feelings/emotions
2. interesting sayings/quotes
3. actions
4. physical appearance
B.    relationship to other characters in the story
C.    how does the character change over the course of the story

III. Summarize the beginning of the story
A. characters and actions
B. setting
C. introduction of the problem/ conflict

IV. Summarize the middle of the story
A.. characters and actions
B.  development in problem/conflict

V. Summarize the end of the story
A. characters and actions
B. resolved problem/conflict

VI. Conclusion of report
A. critique the author’s style of writing
B. share what you learned

hua98918

楼主 2016-11-25 12:24:33 使用道具

考试是考试，学习是学习，兴趣是兴趣。我儿子分的很开的。
考试不能用自己的话写的，要用书上的academic的语言，特别是science,social study. 问答结构：your statement/claim/position. evidence 1. evidence 2. 数学用deduction来写过程，有过程有答案的，才能4分，那些过程乱写的（就是非标准strategy，这有12种），答案对的，最多3分。
学习是自己学，老师不教，老师只提供资料，学多学少都不管。
兴趣是兴趣，家长负责鼓励。
考试都考不好，那就要靠学习；学习都学不好，那要靠兴趣；连兴趣都没有，那你自己得好好问问自己要什么了。---儿子的名言！
原话是：
If you can't play well in quiz, then try to study; if you fell hard in study, try to find you interests; if you can't find your traits, then go ask your mom.

思齐思源妈妈

2016-11-25 12:34:37 使用道具

这个是楼主儿子写的笔记还是妈妈写的笔记啊？

叮叮当铃

2016-11-25 23:38:58 使用道具

虽然，我看不懂英语，但能看懂中文。
妈妈还有读书笔记，真是好用心。
难怪，人说：牛娃背后都是牛妈或牛爸。

西西_1983

2016-11-26 11:05:08 使用道具

好厉害，虽然英语水平有限，但是通过你们的对话还是让我了解了点国外的教学方式，感谢！另外也佩服宝妈的用心！

high5

2016-11-27 03:55:58 使用道具

NYC的公校确实很特别。
是不是小学，初中都被那几所top 高中给驯化了呀？

思齐思源妈妈

2016-11-29 14:01:17 使用道具

思齐思源妈妈发表于 2016-11-25 12:34
这个是楼主儿子写的笔记还是妈妈写的笔记啊？

我儿子才3岁还不会写字

hua98918

楼主 2016-11-29 23:23:02 使用道具

我觉得连NYC的体育运动都很PUSH.
我娃是标准黄种人的身体素质（少肌肉，在运动中思考的能力不强），但有着一颗黑人/拉美人一般热爱体育的心（足球，冰球都爱）
我娃参加足球队，踢了3年了，这个很serious的足球队，每周训练1小时，比赛两次，每次1小时。他在这个足球队了，几乎都是垫底的。每次教练都在场边对他yelling：What are you donging! 要么因为做了一个不实用的假动作，但连球都没碰到！，要么抢同队员的球！！作为他娘，站在场边，心理神马感受，你们知道吗？
我儿子耐力和那些外国小朋友比起来，弱爆了，只能跑30分钟，做offense的话，在激烈运动中的思考能力不强。但一般我和他说：你很棒！是用脑子踢球，但脑子指挥大脑是需要响应时间的，所以你老是铲不了球，你的大脑在思考good timing，这点很棒！下回你用肌肉直接去做动作，当然这需要大量的训练。 --- 这是我在美国学会的，另类表扬方式。
但是，他在学校的足球队里是captain，几乎场场都赢。他会挑好队员，用大喊大叫鼓励队员，用语言组织进攻！不是身体进攻。---这个我是看不到的，因为他们是recess的时候，只要天气允许，每天踢一场。但一般赢了他会告诉我，输了不会和我说。我也知道，要是回来不说，就是输了。

我儿子不喜欢游泳，因为6岁时，因为他那个时候小，请的1对1的教练，那个教练第3次就拿走了floating brick,然后直接就把他扔水里了，这是一个water cannon ball的游戏，必须要克服对水的害怕。这个教练有点push! 学了6次不到，儿子自由泳已经换气游泳了。我真不知道，谁和我说那个说美国不push! 所以这样一个section以后，他就不愿意再去了。怎么说都不去。我就直接和他说，你要是不去游泳，以后你长大后，所有水边的party都不能去，因为那里没有life guard。--- 我要等他大一点了，再让他去和一群小萝卜头一起学初级游泳，看看他还会有那么多理由吗？

我儿子喜欢那种群体运动，冰球，篮球都是他的最爱，他玩冰球，每年冬天都去参加训练，是recreation级别的，不激烈的那种，也是个垫底的，这个我们没法陪，我们更加不懂了，只知道买装备，在party送吃的东西。
篮球因为还在弹琴，就一直没给他报，但儿子说他很喜欢。哎~~

我们还试过的体育运动baseball, tennis, karate。

对了，我们这里的karate就像是日文培训班，每个月都要学两张A4纸的日本文，怎么回事？

hua98918

楼主 2016-11-29 23:43:35 使用道具

话说，从儿子的学体育之路，我深刻感受到的是种族天赋的问题。
我儿子热爱的东西，我感觉对于我们黄种人来说，都是事半功倍的事。我带儿子去的班，队，教练都是好的，有问题的是我儿子，我相信每个教练看到我儿子，内心都是奔溃的，就像我们看他们做数学题一样。

我一直很困惑，我一直这样放任儿子做他自己选择（全是爱体育，但也不看看他自己身无四两肉），他的未来会怎么样？总要找几个特别的闪光点呀。我一直想让他学音乐，但他现在貌似不乐意再花时间上去。真真是伤脑筋。

这说到底是一个问题，选择你喜欢但没有天赋的，还是选择你有天赋但不喜欢的。

xuanjiangsara

2016-11-30 18:12:14 使用道具

hua98918 发表于 2016-11-29 23:43
话说，从儿子的学体育之路，我深刻感受到的是种族天赋的问题。
我儿子热爱的东西，我感觉对于我们黄种人来 ...

我有好主意，可以熊掌和鱼都要。孩子可以做教练啊。前一阵子看到介绍科技讲欧洲踢球的，球员都穿数据采集小马甲，教练拿个ipad看数据（体温耐力），四个角还有摄像头采集通过算法转化为路径移动图，以供教练制定更好的策略。

未来的体育，其实对教练要求特别高，不会用大数据的，不懂生物物理化学的教练只能是拿个bullhorn吼低级队的。越高级队越重视运筹，脑力+体力。

如果你娃中学时候，能跟数学老师，生物老师，球队老师联合起来，采集分析数据，合理运用，把不起眼的本地校队打了几个翻身仗，不但会载入校册，对以后申请大学都有好处的。

虽然我肢体很不协调，除了窜高讨厌所有运动，但我觉得真不要只看到亚洲人肌肉力量不如非洲兄弟。
孩子顺道还能把肌肉练得有条又顺的，以后去硅谷也是那个能看见凌晨4点的天空的主。

hua98918

楼主 2016-12-20 05:07:43 使用道具

Because of Winn-Dixie level: R
lesson plan:
http://www.candlewick.com/book_files/0763607762.btg.1.pdf
http://www.warsaw.k12.in.us/docu ... f-winn-dixie-r/file
拖着儿子念，否则他2个小时就看完，然后啥theme都没学到！
这本书讲的是人和人之间的relationship。