P导谈引导提升孩子的阅读能力---讲座听后感中, P导提到了
4,在阅读中的提问技巧
其实呢,不仅仅是在阅读中,在其他很多时候,如何提问题是非常重要的一种技能。正好,前些日子找到一个网站
A Questioning Toolkit
是美国一个学区给老师的一个提问工具箱,仔细看看,对问题的分类,如何提问很有帮助, 值得好好研究一下。 现将这个网址放在这里,有兴趣去看了的家长,欢迎回来一起探讨。
Harvard Bsiness Review 中有一篇文章
How to Ask Better Questions 提到了几条规则,
- They create clarity: "Can you explain more about this situation?"
- They construct better working relations: Instead of "Did you make your sales goal?" ask, "How have sales been going?"
- They help people think analytically and critically: "What are the consequences of going this route?"
- They inspire people to reflect and see things in fresh, unpredictable ways: "Why did this work?"
- They encourage breakthrough thinking: "Can that be done in any other way?"
- They challenge assumptions: "What do you think you will lose if you start sharing responsibility for the implementation process?"
- They create ownership of solutions: "Based on your experience, what do you suggest we do here?"
该贴已经同步到 high5的微博
对于学习阅读的孩子来说,家长和孩子一起亲子阅读,在读书的过程中将阅读思维的过程教给孩子是相当重要的。 这也就是上一篇中提到的: Thinking out loud. 也就是父母在阅读的时候,是如何一边读,一边提出问题,一边思考问题, 如何和过去的背景知识做练习等等。
由Pressley and Afflerbach 1995 提出的,熟练阅读者在阅读中可以做到:
他们在阅读中,不只是将文字字面的东西读出来, 而是不断的就阅读的内容提出问题,就像P导在讲座中说的,这是一个过程,一个阅读流, 一个问题套着一个问题, 随着阅读的深入,旧的问题被解开, 新的问题由不断的被提出来。比如:
"What is this story about?"
"What does the main character want?"
"Will she get it?" "If so, how?"
即便是读完了这本书,还会有问题提出来,
"What is the meaning of what I have read?"
"Why did the author end the paragraph (or chapter, or book) in this way?"
"What was the author's purpose in writing this?"
这种在阅读中不断的提问,阅读,寻找答案的过程,就是读者和书籍的作者之间的一种交流的过程。
Questions Before, During, and After Reading这篇文章,为我们进行阅读提问提供了一些可操作的问题实例。
阅读前:
"What clues does the title give me about the story?"
"Is this a real or imaginary story?"
"Why am I reading this?"
"What do I already know about___?"
"What predictions can I make?"
在阅读中,可以以章节为单位, 或是自己挑选一些段落, 在阅读过程中, 可以提问:
"What do I understand from what I just read?"
"What is the main idea?"
"What picture is the author painting in my head?"
"Do I need to reread so that I understand?"
读完这一段落之后,再问:
"Which of my predictions were right? What information from the text tells me that I am correct?"
"What were the main ideas?"
"What connections can I make to the text? How do I feel about it?"
在亲子阅读中,父母最好做几次示范, 将问题提出, 然后在阅读中不断的调整,回答,提问,以达到理解,把握作者的意图,思考的目的。
想就这方面做进一步的了解,可以阅读原文。