[方法探讨] 克拉申和他的“narrow input"理论

一， 克拉申是谁呀， 没听说过。

克拉申


　　斯蒂芬·克拉申(Stephen Krashen)1941年出生于美国芝加哥，现为美国南加州大学荣休教授，他毕生致力于第二语言获得的研究，这为他赢得了世界了性声誉。克拉申在20世纪中叶以来提出的第二语言学获得的“输入假说模式”，这是近几十年来影响广泛、解释全面又很具争议性的理论。早在1970 年代初克拉申就提出了“监控模式”(The Monitor Model) ,该模式以“监控假说（ The Monitor Hypothesis）”为核心;80 年代中叶,克拉申对之进一步扩充修订,转为以“输入假说”(The input hypothesis) 为中心,形成了“输入假说模式”。具体而言,“输入假说模式”由五个互相联系的核心假说构成,它们分别是: ①语言获得- 学得（The Acquisition—Learning Hypothesis）假说; ②自然顺序假说（The Natural Order Hypothesis）; ③监控假说; ④语言输入假说; ⑤情感过滤假说（The Affective Filter Hypothesis）。这五个假说彼此联系、互相补充,构成了一个有机整体。

转自百度百科

Stephen KrashenStephen Krashen is professor emeritus at the University of Southern California,[1] who moved from the linguistics department to the faculty of the School of Education in 1994. He is a linguist, educational researcher, and activist.

Dr. Krashen has published more than 350 papers and books, contributing to the fields of second language acquisition, bilingual education, and reading.[2] He is credited with introducing various influential concepts and terms in the study of second language acquisition, including the acquisition-learning hypothesis, the input hypothesis, the monitor hypothesis, the affective filter, and the natural order hypothesis.[3] Most recently, Krashen promotes the use of free voluntary reading during second language acquisition, which he says "is the most powerful tool we have in language education, first and second."[4]

转自Wikipedia

克拉申是外语和第二语言习得和学习领域最为著名的专家学生，在此领域发表过350篇论文和专著。 当今此领域的很多理论，方法，教材。。。等都是基于他的理论发展而来的。