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每次写的东西都有点学究气,真拿自己没办法。作为理科生,能说服自己的观点,必须有根有据,所以我有时候也觉得自己有点执拗。
如何听音频是有效输入?什么是真正的阅读?之前的认识一直有点似是而非,相信很多新手家长也和我一样迷茫过。最近女儿迷上听哈利波特有声书,观察又观察后,终于豁然开朗。

首先声明孩子是笨娃一个,因为我以前上班忙,极不重视幼教,所以女儿上小学前不识字、不识数、不知英语是何物。(不过自己给自己打个气,孩子轮滑、篮球、滑板、游泳、自行车等却是一样没拉下,全会。)孩子的中文阅读基本是从小学三年级开始的,入门及入迷书籍是《不一样的卡梅拉》,不记得是8本还是10本,她迷得看了近一年,从此爱上阅读,但基本都是比较低幼的书:冒险小虎队、《吵闹村的孩子》《长袜子皮皮》《捣蛋鬼埃米尔》,以及曹文轩的书籍。自六年级开始,非常喜欢去西西弗书店,但仍然看的是儿童小说,看不了名著。在此写这么多,也是为了给非牛娃的爸妈握个手——看了坛子里这么多牛娃,大家赞叹的同时,也要想起世上还有一群普通平庸的孩子,也在快乐地成长。

孩子10岁时,我在爸妈网泡坛后,决心开始英语启蒙,之前写过一篇《后知后觉的妈妈.........》的总结,里面有很多是自己的真知灼见(大言不惭),目前发现也有些败笔和弯路,所以闲话就少说了,终于跳入正题——什么是有效的音频输入?什么是有效阅读?

事情的起因是这样的:女儿目前13岁,读初一,英文的听力水平是my weird school。怎么判断?我一般会找个周末,把十多个系列有声书的第一章(前5-10分钟)一起放给孩子听,她选出自己愿意听的那部,然后我就再去下载这套书的mp3,作为最近一段时间的泛听材料。我发现她会选择一种类型——单词很容易且有趣,这学期她就选的疯狂学校。疯狂学校下载了二十多本吧,听完后,我准备新的材料时,突发了个奇想,把哈利波特的第一章拷进去了。这个跨度就太大了一点,为什么要这么干呢?因为当时孩子说想看看中文版的哈利波特,我就去借了哈利波特1(中文版)----哈利波特与魔法石,孩子看完第一章后说:“世上居然有这么好看的书。”当然她平时说话也就是这样大惊小怪的,但我发现这次是真迷,因为她一有空就一直不停地要给我讲情节,讲得眉飞色舞。我作为家长,杀手锏当然也是她说她的,我耳朵自动屏蔽。看完第一本后,她就缠着我要借第二本。这就给了我一个可趁之机——大谈条件,比如你要在以下两周内按时睡觉、或者做早饭等等。所以看第一本和第二本之间,就有了个空档期。

女儿在选英文泛听材料时,一下子就选中了哈利波特1的有声书,我当时就想:小妮子,这个难度可能是你无法驾驭的吧,我看你能听几天。没想到她从此再不听动画片,白天晚上我家里回荡的都是Fry叔的声音,近一个月。我看她兴趣如此之大,就把电影版下了让她看,看后,她只听几天电影版,然后又回到有声书不停听。

我就觉得奇怪了啊,既然以前她的选择标准都是——单词很容易且有趣,为啥这次选了一个难度这么大的,而且还入迷了啊?而且从来动画片都是她的首选,为啥这样念念叨叨的有声书会让她入迷?

科学的精神就是观察并思考,由此我总算真正清楚了有效输入是个什么东西。

有效输入就是——根据声音或文字符号,在头脑里构建出画面感,当画面感引人入胜时,便形成了一种平静而愉快的心识流,沉浸到一个虚构世界里。
所以我们就明白了:
1、儿童学英语,为什么听力材料不能太难?
因为当很多声音都不能明白意思时,如何在头脑里形成画面?如何沉浸?
2、为什么动画片的音频更容易吸引孩子?
因为看动画片时,已经形成了画面,听的过程中,根据声音,画面感重启,孩子又回到看动画片时美妙的体验。那这时,爸妈就得问自己一个问题:究竟是音频中的单词引发了画面?还是音效或音乐?如果是单词的功效,那这样多次引发,会加固画面和声音的神经元链接,今后,当该单词声音在其他情景中出现时,仍然会激发相应画面,从而引发类似于母语的反应。但是,如果是动画片中音效音乐引起的画面重启,那么孩子仍然会享受,不过对学语言来说,效果堪忧。
3、为什么女儿会对超过她能力的音频感兴趣?
因为中文版的阅读已经在她头脑里形成了画面,而英文的音频只是重新激发画面感而已。所以相对于不知道情节直接听英文版,难度降低了许多许多。同时,她的心智年龄正是读这套书的时候,所以这套书英文版音频的吸引力超过了其他低幼读物。
4、为何我们成人的英语学习这么吃力?
因为我们对低幼读物不感兴趣,适合我们年龄的读物太难。难到什么程度?就是卡在单词上,一页读完了,或者5分钟的有声书听下来,头脑里的画面感出不来,即便是下100个决心,大部分非外语专业的人都无法继续学习。

所以使用音频或阅读,判断其作为有效输入手段的前提就是:能否在头脑里形成相应的画面感。各位爸妈可以18般武艺齐上:TPR、儿歌、动画片、讲故事,哪种方式能让孩子进入到那个美好的画面,哪种方式就有效。单词发音<——>画面,单词字形<——>画面。抓住这两点,孩子对语言入迷真是很容易啊。

说到这里,再想问个问题,所谓口语,就是把自己头脑里的画面变成语言描述出来,那么怎么样提高口语能力呢?



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  • carolliu

    2017-12-17 12:21:07 使用道具

    谢谢了!学习了!
  • 和颜悦色

    2016-7-1 12:46:45 使用道具

    我家正迷my weird school呢,前几天也要HP了,用你的方法试一试
  • wantgone

    楼主 2016-2-15 16:57:55 使用道具

    EVELYN815 发表于 2016-2-15 15:41
    非常喜欢这位妈妈的分享,收益良多,特别是之前那篇“后知后觉的妈妈....”。赞一个

    谢谢鼓励。
    看到之前发的贴,意识到那时的想法也有一些误区。比如不明道理地磨耳朵,如果音频不能在孩子引发任何画面,磨来磨去真是浪费电啊
  • EVELYN815

    2016-2-15 15:41:14 使用道具

    非常喜欢这位妈妈的分享,收益良多,特别是之前那篇“后知后觉的妈妈....”。赞一个
  • zyzlcdf

    2016-2-15 14:13:29 使用道具

    孩子有兴趣就能听的进,儿子迷海底小纵队,里面好多动物我不认识,他随口就能说出来没一个短篇里面的动物名字和习性,汗~我陪看的时候看着字幕有时候快也跟不上。
  • qiankun3

    2016-2-15 14:00:51 使用道具

    本帖最后由 qiankun3 于 2016-2-15 14:03 编辑

    音频的有效输入和有效阅读,应当是这样,听完即能大致讲出内容情节,读完也能自己大致写出主要意思来。鹭鹭现每读完一篇课文故事,自己再在电脑上自己编写改写打出来。这是鹭鹭昨晚读完的故事,刚才才自编写打出来的,这种方法要求一定不能看书。

    DAVID THE SINGER
    DAVID’S LIFE AS A SHEPHERD
      There was once a boy that said to his mother, one evening, “Oh mother; how I wish that I were old enough to be a soldier like my brothers; and how I wish that I could help our king if he needed me. But you always say that…” “David, my son; you have to wait until you are older until you can be a soldier. Now, get your harp, and sing me the lovely song you were singing when you came back this evening.” Said his mother, cooking dinner; “Did you really like it mother? I made the words all by myself when I was outside finding green pastures for my sheep. I thought that I had sang very, very well”
      Months passed, and David said nothing more about being a soldier, but took his sheep out to find green pastures. Sometimes he went so far to find green pastures for his sheep; that he could not get home that evening. Then David would stay outside. There was no sleep for the boy in these days, for many times; he heard sounds from the forest or bushes nearby.
      One day, he took his sheep out to find green pastures. When night came, he sat down and looked everywhere, “God will save me of thee, for though to thy name.” He said to himself. Suddenly, he heard a sound among the bushes nearby; he stood up still, holding his staff, ‘I shall fight whoever is in this bush for my flock; for I know that God will protect me from this terrible ferocious beast as I fight him.”
      Just then, a lion jumped out of the bush, and caught a lamb. David struck the beast some hard blows with his staff. The lion couldn’t resist such pain. He let go of the lamb, and turned to face David and looked at him with strong eyes.
    Just as the lion was about to leap on David and eat him up, David struck the beast with his staff such a heavy blow, that he fell dead. David looked at the lion.
    David had fought a lion, and he was sure to be a wonderful fighter when he grew up. He picked up the hurt lamb and led his flock back home. His mother was asleep; he got some water and washed the blood off. Then he woke his mom up, and let her take care of the poor, hurt lamb
      The next day, David went out again. At night, he fought a tiger and saved his flock again. “I knew that God will protect me even though the lion and the tiger were fiercer than I was.”
      In the morning, David went home with his sheep. As he walked he sang again, “God will save me of thee, for though to thy name.” The next day, David went out. But just as he was about to lead his sheep out from his their pen, he heard horses foot sound. He listened carefully. Then he saw some men riding horses galloping between two hills. David knew at once that they were robbers that would try to kill him and take his sheep. “I will fight them, for I know that god will protect me.
      He got some stones from the brook and took his sling. He shot some stones at some of the riders. As each shot hit one man, one man would fall from his horse. Some of the robbers began to feel frightened and galloped away. But some of them got off their horses and ran towards David. But as they came nearer and nearer, David struck them with his staff such heavy blows that they ran away yelling, “The boy is as strong as a giant! Let’s get out of here and leave this boy alone!!”
    HOW DAVID HELPED KING SAUL
      Months passed, David’s father came home. David ran to him and hugged him; then he said, “Father why do you look so sad?” “A great sickness has come upon our great king Saul. He is so fierce sometimes that nobody dare to talk to him or to disturb him. Sometimes he may even kill children!” ‘I-II-III-I—I wish-I wish I could do something to help this poor king. But the question is not can I do it, the Question is: How can I do it?’ David thought and thought and thought.
      Just at that moment, some of the soldiers began to talk [chat] about the king’s sickness, “What could we do, nobody dare to talk to him.” “I don’t know; but I would not go indeed.” “Then who would dare to go and make him feel better?” asked the captain, “David wouldn’t be afraid,” said one of the soldiers, “He’s not afraid of anything. Perhaps he could sing to the king. His song may not be as fit for a king, but I am surely sure that David could pass. As I said, his song may not be fit for a king, but he has the sweetest voice that you have ever heard.” “Bring this boy to me.” Said the captain; the next day, one of the soldiers led David to the captain.
      “David, it may be wrong that I am sending you before King Saul. He is so fierce sometimes that he may kill you.” “I am not afraid,” said the young boy, “I am not afraid of anything. I shall even be glad to try and help our poor king.”
      David went to the king, and said to him, “I am here to sing and play for you dear king.” Said David; the king did not answer. As David finished his song the king thanked him and waved him goodbye as a ‘thank you’
    DAVID AND THE GIANT
      One day David’s father asked David to take as much grain as he could carry to his brothers including the captain. The happy little boy carried the grain to his brothers. On his journey, he had to cross between two hills. On one of hills were King Saul’s soldiers. On another hill were the enemy soldiers. Suddenly there was a shout, and David began to run; for he thought that the two teams were about to fight. When he got to the other end, he was surprised to see them all standing still.
      He asked them, “Excuse me, what why are you not fighting?” “Look, down.” Said one of the soldiers; David looked down and saw a great giant passing by, “Ohh,” Said the boy; “Which soldier would dare come down and fight me!! You are such cowards that you are afraid to face me!!” “You dare you say that to King Saul’s soldiers! Of course there are brave men here that are not afraid to face you!”
      “That is easy to say boy!!” roared the giant, “But who dare face such a big giant?” asked a soldier to David, “If you don’t want to face the giant then I will. I will fight you!! For I know that God will protect me!!” some of the soldiers laughed, but one of them ran to the king and said, “Oh dear king, at last we found someone who is not afraid to face the giant.” “Bring this boy to me.” Said the King; at once David was sent to the king, “I will give you my armor to you to face the giant.”

      “Oh no,” said David, “My staff and my sling are enough for me.” David picked the five biggest stone and put them into his bag. He shot one of the stones at the giant and he was dead. David was crowned king after this, but it is not this that made people remember him. It is the songs that he had written. People soon called these songs, “Psalms of David.”
  • 喜相逢

    2016-2-15 13:44:21 使用道具

    我家也有个普通娃,每每看到论坛里遍地的年娃,都是心存戚戚。握手呵
  • 特权的小乔

    2016-2-15 13:39:11 使用道具

    好专业的分析,但很有道理,我们还是小童,4岁半,启蒙4个月,目前只给看了Muzzy,现在每次听音频都能听的很入神,嘎嘎乐,还总给奶奶讲她乐的是什么,看她那小表情就能感觉出来她是在回顾相应的画面