Phonics 是将英语单词解读出来的方法. 学习 Phonics 之后, 就可以直接读出单词的读音. 这就象学中文的孩子学习了拼音后, 凡是有拼音加注的书都能读出来是一个道理. Phonics 和拼音有许多相似的地方, 都是通过字母和字母组合的发音拼读出单词的读音. Phonics 也分有元音vowel (韵母)和辅音 consanent (声母). 元音有长元音 long vowel, 短元音short vowel, 和双元音vowel digraphs (双韵母). 辅音有一般辅音, 辅音组合, 和zh, ch, sh, th (consanent digraphs) 等.
首先, 在学习 Phonics 之前, 各位父母和老师请先参阅 Phonics Rules. 了解其基本规则, 音节划分原则, 和重音原则等.
· 学习字母的发音, 即字母组合成单词后在单词中的发音. 下面表中的元音 a, e, i, o, u 都是短元音. 每个字母后列出的单词是个例子, 例词是最常用的词. 念念例词就知道字母的相应发音了. 例词也可以是其他单词. 这个表要求能读下来, 熟记字母的发音. 读的时候应该这么读 : A, a, (字母读法), apple, /a/ (短元音读法). B, b, (字母读法), box, /b/ (辅音读法)…
父母将上面的字母表做成卡片, 每个字母一张. 画上与单词相应的图画. 每天和孩子读一读. 帮助孩子熟练掌握. 或用帖子里#7楼附件里的录像
· 然后学习长短元音和其他辅音的拼读.
| short vowel 元音在CVC(consanent+vowel+consanent) 词语中读短音 | Long vowel 元音在 CVC+e 的词语中读长音 e 不发音 |
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· -y ending has a long e sound dusty handy rusty sandy candy | runny penny sunny funny bunny daddy puppy silly |
· Consonant digraph 两个辅音组合发一个音.
sh 开头 | | | | | shell shock shut shop shank Ship shave sheep sheet shall shape | chip chin check chat chill cheek child cheese chase cheat | when wheel wheat while whip whale which white who whose what why | thin thump thank thick this them that those that they thing then think these | quiz quit queen quote quack quick quite quake | | |
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| fish wish dash hash cash push rash | much lunch catch such bench pinch watch |
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ch 在有些词语中发K 的音 K=ch | chord ache school scholar scholastic scheme chemist Christie Christen Christmas Christopher |
· Ng nk ending -ing | | | | | | | | | | | | wishing bashing gashing singing helping | | | |
· Long vowel digraphs 元音组合发长元音
a | | aid maid paid aim rain main pain brain train strain jail nail fail trail wait faint paint chain complaint |
| | may say stay today play clay flag delay layer way holiday pray gray hay crayfish | | | thief chief pier tier relieve believe achieve field yield | | | lie pie tie die my by spy shy why eye style |
| | guy buy guile guide disguise | | | oat boat goat loat loaf road roast |
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| | tow row bow low slow flow grow hollow follow yellow fellow pillow willow window shadow | | | too soon spoon spool moose moon fool food choose smooth stool zoom tooth proof |
| | do prove move to improve movie two whom move |
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| | fruit juice bruise cruise suit |
| | new dew grew stew blew news chew few mew skew |
| | you youth your soup group |
| | look good book shook woof cook wooden brook roof cookie hood took wool foot stood | | | | full push put full bush pudding bullet |
oi | oil boil toil foil soil coil poison void avoid noisy spoil moist voice choice coin join point appointment | | boy Joyce toy destroy oyster enjoy joyful annoy employ | | out scout shout loud mouth couch pouch proud count ground house mouse our sour flour about | | how cow now wow bow vowel towel town gown down frown crown brown clown crowd tower power flower shower powder browse owl |
au | cause haul pause sauce fault clause | | saw law jaw paw draw dawn yawn lawn | | halt also alter halter almost alternate false always bald falter salt | | all tall hall wall stall ball mall call small fall calling small | | dog boss cost fog frog hog log loft loss lost moss soft smog off floss toss offer cross frost |
· Short vowel spelling patterns e | | dead breath heavy weather heaven wealth read deaf steady leather health head ready feather sweater instead |
| | again against said fountain mountain | | | myth gym crystal typical symbol system mystery sympathy | | | touch couple young double cousin country |
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· Silent k | knot knit knock knife knee knob know | | wrist write wrong wreath wrote | | talk half walk calf stalk chalk | | dumb lamb climb comb limb bomb | | often listening hasten soften listen castle whistle | | hour hourly ghost honest honestly honor | | fight tight light night sight flight right slight high fright might bright |
| ought thought sought bought brought caught naughty taught daughter |
· Long a spelling pattern ei | vein rein skein rein-deer | | eight weight neighbor freight | | hey they prey grey obey survey | | steak break great rump-steak breaking greatness |
are | fare share spare care stare scare blare glare snare flare dare rare | | air fair stair pair hair chair | | | | |
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